Four decades ago, the U.S. surgeon "closed the door on infectious diseases". Why the confidence? With the advent of discovering the first safe anti-microbial drug -- antibiotics, thought to "revolutionize medicine", this new powerful was supposed to combat disease-causing microbes, be they viruses, bacteria, fungi, or tiny parasites. So some felt that such diseases might be eliminated altogether. The result? Widespread overconfidence. Where are we now? Resilient germs rebound. It's a major, widespread problem.